In Germany, solar panels are increasingly taking on a dual function as both energy producers and structural components. Beyond their traditional use on rooftops, they're now being utilized in vertical installations such as fences, noise barriers along highways, and even garden enclosures. This trend is partly driven by the escalating costs of conventional materials like wood and bricks, making solar alternatives more appealing in the long run, especially when considering their energy generation capabilities. Recent pilot initiatives along the A44n and A46 highways highlight this development. Feasibility assessments indicate that installing solar-powered sound barriers along 30 kilometers of road could yield around 24 megawatts of energy. Experts believe that the entire German highway system could potentially accommodate up to 300 gigawatts of solar capacity. These installations not only help mitigate noise pollution but also utilize vertical spaces that were previously overlooked. Research institutions and companies are exploring structural advancements to enhance safety and energy output. For instance, Fraunhofer ISE, in partnership with R. Kohlhauer GmbH, is currently testing five different photovoltaic designs for noise barriers. Their prototypes elevate the panels at least 1.5 meters above ground to protect them from damage due to debris and snow. On a smaller scale, solar fences are becoming popular for their practical uses. The "ZaunPV" kits from Green Akku, for example, are easy-to-install systems meant for gardens or backyards. These vertical panels can produce electricity throughout the year, particularly during winter months, when their ability to capture low-angle sunlight and reduced snow accumulation allows them to outperform some rooftop setups.
From large-scale infrastructure to individual gardens, Germany's shift toward vertical solar integration demonstrates how unused surfaces can be transformed to support clean energy efforts—especially in areas with limited land but ample solar exposure.